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Dr. A Ishwara Bhat

Dr. A Ishwara Bhat
Name Dr. A Ishwara Bhat
Designation Principal Scientist & Head
Division Crop Protection
Qualification Ph.D.
Specialisation Plant Pathology
Contact aibhat65@gmail.com
Areas of Interest Characterization and management of viruses infecting crop plants. Development of diagnostic methodologies using serological, nucleic acid and PCR- based techniques and their use in virus detection and differentiation, indexing mother plant and nursery plants

2025

  1. Bhat AI. Current status of viral and phytoplasma diseases of black pepper. Indian Phytopathol. 2025. doi:10.1007/s42360-025-00893-8
  2. Amruthalakshmi M, Bhat AI, Malavika P, Indraja M, Kalyanababu B, Subbanna ARNS, Suresh K. Early and on-site detection of Ganoderma-induced basal stem rot in oil palm using recombinase polymerase amplification–lateral flow assay. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2025. doi:10.1007/s12223-025-01270-8
  3. Senthilkumar CM, Samyuktha M, Balajirajkumar M, Punithavalli M, D'Silva S, Geethu C, Ahalya P, Jacob TK, Devasahayam S, Bha AIt. Host range and virulence of Metarhizium pingshaense against Chilo species and expression of fungal virulence genes in Conogethes punctiferalis. Sci Rep. 2025;15:18506. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-03643-y
  4. Greeshma M, Bhat AI, Jeevalatha A, Malavika P. Development of a lateral flow immunoassay for rapid detection of piper yellow mottle and cucumber mosaic viruses in black pepper. J Virol Methods. 2025;338:115238
  5. Das M, Bhat AI. Identification of a novel Gammapartitivirus associated with endophytic Fusarium oxysporum through transcriptome dataset mining. Virus Dis. 2025;36:353–357. doi:10.1007/s13337-025-00918-w
  6. Greeshma M, Bhat AI. Rapid detection of cardamom mosaic virus in crude plant extracts using reverse transcription–recombinase polymerase amplification–lateral flow assay (RT-RPA-LFA). 3 Biotech. 2025;15:28. doi:10.1007/s13205-024-04191-4
  7. Malavika P, Bhat AI, Greeshma M. Rapid simultaneous detection of piper yellow mottle virus and cucumber mosaic virus in crude extracts of black pepper through duplex reverse transcriptase–recombinase polymerase amplification–lateral flow assay (RT-RPA-LFA). Physiol Mol Plant Pathol. 2025;136:102529. doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102529

2024

  1. Malavika P, Greeshma M, Bhat AI. Occurrence, complete genome sequencing, and development of diagnostics for Black Pepper Virus F infecting black pepper in India. J Phytopathol. 2024;172:e13418. doi:10.1111/jph.13418
  2. Malavika P, Bhat AI, Greeshma M. Development of reverse transcriptase–recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) assay for rapid detection of large cardamom chirke virus. Virus Dis. 2024;35:302–309. doi:10.1007/s13337-024-00861-2

2023

  1. Malavika P, Lijisha A, Bhat AI. Virus–mealybug relationship in the transmission of piper yellow mottle virus. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2023;32:214–221. doi:10.25081/josac.2023.v32.i2.8884
  2. Greeshma M, Bhat AI. Complete genome sequence of a divergent strain of cardamom mosaic virus. Arch Virol. 2023;168:242. doi:10.1007/s00705-023-05879-3
  3. Greeshma M, Bhat AI, Jeevalatha A. Rapid onsite detection of piper yellow mottle virus infecting black pepper by recombinase polymerase amplification–lateral flow assay (RPA-LFA). J Virol Methods. 2023;315:114695. doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114695
  4. Bhat AI, Selvarajan R, Balasubramanian V. Emerging and re-emerging diseases caused by badnaviruses. Pathogens. 2023;12:245. doi:10.3390/pathogens12020245

2022

  1. Bhat AI, Aman R, Mahfouz M. Onsite detection of plant viruses using isothermal amplification assays. Plant Biotechnol J. 2022;20(10):1859-73. doi:10.1111/pbi.13871
  2. Biju CN, Bhat AI, Naveen KP, Prasath D. Identification of virus-free ginger germplasm accessions through symptomatology and molecular assay. Indian Phytopathol. 2022;75:1143–1149. doi:10.1007/s42360-022-00548-y
  3. Praveena R, Kozhamburath A, Jeevalatha A, Bhat AI, Krishnamurthy KS. Association of Exserohilum rostratum with ginger: morphological characterization, phylogenetic relationships and pathogenicity assays. Australas Plant Pathol. 2022;51:333–344. doi:10.1007/s13313-022-00862-z
  4. Biju CN, Krishnamurthy KS, Bhat AI. Physiological and biochemical response of ginger varieties to virus infection. Plant Physiol Rep. 2022;27:171–179. doi:10.1007/s40502-022-00643-2
  5. Revathy KA, Jiby MV, Bhat AI. Coat protein-mediated resistance to cucumber mosaic virus subgroup IB in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant. 2022;58:351–360. doi:10.1007/s11627-022-10252-1
  6. Bhat AI, Mohandas A, Sreenayana B, Archana TS, Jasna K. Piper DNA virus 1 and 2 are endogenous pararetroviruses integrated into chromosomes of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). Virus Dis. 2022;33:114–118. doi:10.1007/s13337-021-00752-w

2021

  1. Biju CN, Jeevalatha A, Bhat AI, Peeran MF, Praveena R, Sarathambal R, Eapen SJ. Domestic quarantine: An introspection and future perspectives on biosecurity interventions to contain pathogen spread in vegetatively propagated spices in India. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2021;30:142-62
  2. Ahamedemujtaba V, Atheena PV, Bhat AI, Krishnamurthy KS, Srinivasan V. Symptoms of piper yellow mottle virus in black pepper as influenced by temperature and relative humidity. Virus Dis. 2021;32:305–313. doi:10.1007/s13337-021-00686-3

2020

  1. Bhat AI, Naveen KP, Pamitha NS, Pant RP. Association of two novel viruses with chlorotic fleck disease of ginger. Ann Appl Biol. 2020;177:232–242. doi:10.1111/aab.12615
  2. Naveen KP, Bhat AI. Development of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) assays for the detection of two novel viruses infecting ginger. J Virol Methods. 2020;282:113884. doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113884
  3. Naveen KP, Bhat AI. Reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification and reverse transcriptase recombinase amplification assays for rapid and sensitive detection of cardamom vein clearing virus. 3 Biotech. 2020;10:250. doi:10.1007/s13205-020-02238-w
  4. Bhat AI, Pamitha NS, Naveen KP, Biju CN. Identification and characterization of cardamom vein clearing virus, a novel aphid-transmitted nucleorhabdovirus. Eur J Plant Pathol. 2020;156:1053-62. doi:10.1007/s10658-020-01958-2
  5. Mohandas A, Bhat AI. Recombinase polymerase amplification assay for the detection of piper yellow mottle virus infecting black pepper. VirusDis. 2020;31:38-44. doi:10.1007/s13337-019-00566-x

2019

  1. Revathy KA, Bhat AI. Designing of siRNAs for various target genes of Cucumber mosaic virus subgroup IB. Indian J Biotechnol. 2019;18:119-25
  2. Atheena PV, Ahamedemujtaba V, Mohandas A, Bhat AI. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription (RT) PCR based assays for the differentiation of black pepper plants with endogenous and episomal piper yellow mottle virus. Int J Innov Hortic. 2019;8(1):40-4

2018

  1. Pandian RTP, Bhat AI, Biju CN, Sasi S. Development of diagnostic assays for rapid and sensitive detection of Phytophthora infecting major spices and plantation crops. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2018;27:119-30. doi:10.25081/josac.2018.v27.i2.1100
  2. Bhat AI, Pamitha NS, Gopika A, Biju CN. Complete genome sequencing of Banana bract mosaic virus infecting cardamom revealed its closeness to banana-infecting isolate from India. VirusDis. 2018;29:212-5. doi:10.1007/s13337-018-0443-7
  3. Bhat AI, Biju CN, Srinivasan V, Ankegowda SJ, Krishnamurthy KS. Current status of viral diseases affecting black pepper and cardamom. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2018;27:1-16. doi:10.25081/josac.2018.v27.i1.1009
  4. Sasi S, Bhat AI. In vitro elimination of Piper yellow mottle virus from infected black pepper through somatic embryogenesis and meristem-tip culture. Crop Prot. 2018;103:39-45. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2017.09.004

2017

  1. Revathy KA, Bhat AI. Complete genome sequencing of Cucumber mosaic virus from black pepper revealed rare deletion in the methyltransferase domain of 1a gene. VirusDis. 2017;28:309-14. doi:10.1007/s13337-017-0386-4
  2. Bhat AI, Martin A, John A, Isaac N, Eapen SJ. Indian Plant Virus Database – a platform for showcasing research on plant viruses in India. Curr Sci. 2017;113(1):27-9
  3. Deeshma KP, Bhat AI. Occurrence of endogenous Piper yellow mottle virus in black pepper. VirusDis. 2017;28:213-7. doi:10.1007/s13337-017-0369-5

2016

  1. Sasi S, Bhat AI. Optimization of cyclic somatic embryogenesis and assessing genetic fidelity in six varieties of black pepper (Piper nigrum L). J Med Plants Stud. 2016;4:109-15
  2. Umadevi P, Bhat AI, Krishnamurthy KS, Anandaraj M. Influence of temperature on symptom expression, detection of host factors in virus infected Piper nigrum L. Indian J Exp Biol. 2016;54:354-60
  3. Bhat AI, Hohn T, Selvarajan R. Badnaviruses: The current global scenario. Viruses. 2016;8:177. doi:10.3390/v8060177

2015

  1. Sasi S, Revathy KA, Bhat AI. Rapid identification of transgenic black pepper using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and real-time LAMP assays. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol. 2015;24:466-9. doi:10.1007/s13562-015-0302-1
  2. Deeshma KP, Bhat AI. Complete genome sequencing of Piper yellow mottle virus infecting black pepper, betelvine and Indian long pepper. Virus Genes. 2015;50:172-5

2014

  1. Deeshma KP, Bhat AI. Further evidence of true seed transmission of Piper yellow mottle virus in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). J Plantn Crops. 2014;42:289-93
  2. Bhat AI, Sasi S, Revathy KA, Deeshma KP, Saji KV. Sequence diversity among badnavirus isolates infecting black pepper and related species in India. VirusDis. 2014;25:402-7. doi:10.1007/s13337-014-0221-0
  3. Bhat AI, Siljo A. Detection of viruses infecting black pepper by SYBR Green-based real-time PCR assay. J Plant Pathol. 2014;96:105-9
  4. Siljo A, Bhat AI. Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid and sensitive detection of Banana bract mosaic virus in cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum). Eur J Plant Pathol. 2014;138:209-14. doi:10.1007/s10658-013-0318-0
  5. Siljo A, Bhat AI, Biju CN. Detection of Cardamom mosaic virus and Banana bract mosaic virus in cardamom using SYBR Green-based RT-qPCR. VirusDis. 2014;25:137-41. doi:10.1007/s13337-013-0170-z
  6. Hany U, Adams IP, Glover R, Bhat AI, Boonham N. The complete genome sequence of Piper yellow mottle virus (PYMoV). Arch Virol. 2014;159:385-8. doi:10.1007/s00705-013-1824-2

2013

  1. Siju S, Kizhakayil D, Sheeja TE, Sasikumar B, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy VA. Novel polymorphic microsatellite markers from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) (Zingiberaceae). Acta Bot Croat. 2013;72(2):407-12
  2. Bhat AI, Devasahayam S, Anandaraj M. Viral disease of black pepper: current scenario. Focus Pepper. 2013;4(2):33-48
  3. Bhat AI, Siljo A, Deeshma KP. Rapid detection of Piper yellow mottle virus and Cucumber mosaic virus infecting black pepper (Piper nigrum) by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). J Virol Methods. 2013;193:190-6. doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.06.012
  4. Siljo A, Bhat AI, Biju CN. Symptomatological and coat protein gene sequence studies suggest high variability in Cardamom mosaic virus isolates occurring in India. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2013;22:70-5

2012

  1. Bhat AI, Siljo A, Devasahayam S. Occurrence of symptomless source of Piper yellow mottle virus in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) varieties and a wild Piper species. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot. 2012;45:1000-9. doi:10.1080/03235408.2011.591121
  2. Siljo A, Bhat AI, Biju CN, Venugopal MN. Occurrence of Banana bract mosaic virus on cardamom. Phytoparasitica. 2012;40:77-85. doi:10.1007/s12600-011-0193-1

2011

  1. Jiby MV, Bhat AI. An efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) using embryogenic mass as explant. J Crop Sci Biotechnol. 2011;14(4):247-54. doi:10.1007/s12892-011-0031-5
  2. Retheesh ST, Bhat AI. Genetic transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants from protocorm-like bodies of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol. 2011;20:262-9
  3. Bhadramurthy V, Bhat AI, Biju CN. Occurrence and coat protein sequence-based characterization of Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) associated with vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) in India. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot. 2011;44:1796-801

2010

  1. Biju CN, Siljo A, Bhat AI. Survey and RT-PCR based detection of Cardamom mosaic virus affecting small cardamom in India. Indian J Virol. 2010;21:148-50
  2. Siju S, Dhanya K, Syamkumar S, Sheeja TE, Sasikumar B, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy VA. Development, characterization and utilization of genomic microsatellite markers in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Biochem Syst Ecol. 2010;38:641-6
  3. Retheesh ST, Bhat AI. Simultaneous elimination of Cucumber mosaic virus and Cymbidium mosaic virus infecting Vanilla planifolia through meristem culture. Crop Prot. 2010;29:1214-7. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2010.05.017
  4. Hareesh PS, Bhat AI. Seed transmission of Piper yellow mottle virus in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). J Plantn Crops. 2010;38:62-5
  5. Siju S, Dhanya K, Syamkumar S, Sasikumar B, Sheeja TE, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy VA. Development, characterization and cross-species amplification of polymorphic microsatellite markers from expressed sequence tags of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Mol Biotechnol. 2010;44:140-7

2009

  1. Bhadramurthy V, Bhat AI. Biological and molecular characterization of Bean common mosaic virus associated with vanilla in India. Indian J Virol. 2009;20:70-7
  2. Bhadramurthy V, George A, Bhat AI, Shiva KN. Coat protein gene sequence studies suggest that Cucumber mosaic virus infecting paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) in India belongs to subgroup IB. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot. 2009;42:857-63
  3. Bhat AI, Siljo A, Jiby MV, Thankamani CK, Mathew PA. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based indexing of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) plants against Piper yellow mottle virus. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2009;18:28-32

2008

  1. Anandaraj M, Chandran S, George RS, Bhat AI, Bhai RS. Development of SCAR marker for Phytophthora resistance in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). J Spices Aromat Crops. 2008;17:215-22
  2. Hareesh PS, Bhat AI. Detection and partial nucleotide sequence analysis of Piper yellow mottle virus infecting black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in India. Indian J Virol. 2008;19:160-7
  3. Bhadramurthy V, Bhat AI, George J, Thankamani CK, Mathew PA. Variation in the concentration and indexing of black pepper plants for PYMoV and CMV through DAS-ELISA. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2008;17:197-201
  4. Bhat AI, Jiby MV, Anandaraj M, Bhadramurthy V, Patel KD, Patel NR, Jaiman RK, Agalodia AV. Occurrence, identification and characterization of a phytoplasma associated with phyllody disease of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) in India. J Phytopathol. 2008;156:758-61. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2008.01442.x
  5. Balaji S, Bhat AI, Eapen SJ. A phylogenetic re-examination of Cucumber mosaic virus isolates based on 1a, 2a, 3a and 3b proteins. Indian J Virol. 2008;19:17-25
  6. Siju S, Bhat AI, Hareesh PS. Identification and characterization of a badnavirus infecting betel vine and Indian long pepper. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol. 2008;17:73-6. doi:10.1007/BF03263263

2007

  1. Bhat AI, Siju S. Development of a single-tube multiplex RT-PCR for simultaneous detection of Cucumber mosaic virus and Piper yellow mottle virus associated with stunt disease of black pepper. Curr Sci. 2007;93:973-6
  2. Siju S, Madhubala R, Bhat AI. Sodium sulphite enhances RNA isolation and sensitivity of Cucumber mosaic virus detection by RT-PCR in black pepper. J Virol Methods. 2007;141:107-10. doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.11.03

2006

  1. Bhat AI, Bhadramurthy V, Siju S, Hareesh PS. Detection and identification of Cymbidium mosaic virus infecting vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) in India based on coat protein gene sequence relationships. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol. 2006;15:33-7
  2. Bhat AI, Madhubala R, Hareesh PS, Anandaraj M. Detection and characterization of the phytoplasma associated with a phyllody disease of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in India. Sci Hortic. 2006;107:200-4
  3. Hareesh PS, Madhubala R, Bhat AI. Characterization of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting Indian long pepper (Piper longum L.) and betel vine (Piper betle L.) in India. Indian J Biotechnol. 2006;5:89-93
  4. Suseela Bhai R, Bhat AI, Anandaraj M. Yellowing and premature bean dropping in vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews). J Plantn Crops. 2006;34:115-7

2005

  1. Bhadramurthy V, Retheesh ST, Bhat AI, Madhubala R, Hareesh PS, Pant RP. Development of ELISA-based technique for the detection of a putative badnavirus infecting black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). Indian Phytopathol. 2005;58:314-8
  2. Bhat AI, Devasahayam S, Hareesh PS, Preethi N, Thomas T. Planococcus citri (Risso) – an additional mealybug vector of badnavirus infecting black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in India. Entomon. 2005;30:85-90
  3. Bhat AI, Devasahayam S, Venugopal MN, Suseela Bhai R. Distribution and incidence of viral diseases of black pepper in Karnataka and Kerala, India. J Plantn Crops. 2005;33:59-64
  4. Madhubala R, Bhadramurthy V, Bhat AI, Hareesh PS, Retheesh ST, Bhai RS. Occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus on vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) in India. J Biosci. 2005;30:339-50
  5. Bhat AI, Hareesh PS, Madhubala R. Sequencing of coat protein gene of an isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in India. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol. 2005;14:37-40. doi:10.1007/BF03263222

2004

  1. Choi SC, Bhat AI, Park JW, Cheon JU, Kim JS, Pappu HR, Choi JK, Tat-Nami Y. Studies on Potato virus Y isolates infecting potato and tobacco in Korea. J Fac Agric Kyushu Univ. 2004;49(2):253-62
  2. Devi SPH, Bhat AI, Devi LR, Das ML. Occurrence, transmission and genotype response of a filamentous virus associated with leaf mustard (Brassica juncea var. rugosa) in Manipur. Indian Phytopathol. 2004;57:488-93
  3. Jain RK, Khurana SMP, Bhat AI, Chaudhary V. Nucleocapsid protein gene sequence studies confirm that potato stem necrosis disease is caused by a strain of Groundnut bud necrosis virus. Indian Phytopathol. 2004;57:169-73
  4. Bhat AI, Venugopal MN, Pant RP, Bhai RS. Occurrence and distribution of viral diseases on vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) in India. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2004;13:143-8
  5. Bhat AI, Sarma YR, Sreenivasulu P, Pant RP. Occurrence and identification of a Cucumber mosaic virus isolate infecting Indian long pepper (Piper longum). J Med Aromat Plant Sci. 2004;26:279-84
  6. Bhat AI, Faisal TH, Madhubala R, Hareesh PS, Pant RP. Purification, antiserum production and ELISA-based diagnosis for Cucumber mosaic virus infecting black pepper. J Spices Aromat Crops. 2004;13:16-21

2003

  1. Bhat AI, Devasahayam S, Sarma YR, Pant RP. Association of a badnavirus in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) transmitted by mealybug (Ferrisia virgata) in India. Curr Sci. 2003;84:1547-50
  2. Rakshit S, Mishra SK, Bhat AI, Sharma B. Increase in cellular content of chitinase as response to powdery mildew infection in pea: detection through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ann Agric Res. 2003;24:129-32
  3. Umamaheswaran K, Jain RK, Bhat AI, Ahlawat YS. Biological and molecular characterization of a tospovirus isolate from tomato and its relationship with other tospoviruses. Indian Phytopathol. 2003;56:168-73
  4. Sobita-Devi Ph, Bhat AI, Ranjana-Devi L, Das ML. Mosaic disease of broad leaf mustard from North East India. Indian Phytopathol. 2003;56:236
  5. Thien HX, Bhat AI, Jain RK. Mungbean necrosis disease caused by a strain of Groundnut bud necrosis virus. Indian Phytopathol. 2003;56:54-60

2002

  1. Thien HX, Bhat AI, Jain RK. Serological studies and polyclonal antiserum production against the nucleocapsid protein of mungbean tospovirus from New Delhi. Omonrice. 2002;10:60-6
  2. Lal SK, Bhat AI, Rana VKS, Sapra RL, Anilkumar. Identification of resistant sources against bud blight disease of soybean (Glycine max). Indian J Genet. 2002;62:357-8
  3. Jain RK, Umamaheswaran K, Bhat AI, Thien HX, Ahlawat YS. Necrosis disease on cowpea, mungbean and tomato is caused by Groundnut bud necrosis virus. Indian Phytopathol. 2002;55:354
  4. Bhat AI, Jain RK, Chaudhary V, Krishnareddy M, Ramiah M, Chattannavar SN, Varma A. Sequence conservation in the coat protein gene of Tobacco streak virus isolates causing necrosis disease in cotton, mungbean, sunflower and sun-hemp in India. Indian J Biotechnol. 2002;1:350-6
  5. Bhat AI, Jain RK, Ramiah M. Detection of Tobacco streak virus from sunflower and other crops by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Indian Phytopathol. 2002;55:216-8
  6. Varma A, Jain RK, Bhat AI. Virus resistant transgenic plants for environmentally safe management of viral diseases. Indian J Biotechnol. 2002;1:73-86
  7. Makeshkumar T, Varma A, Singh KK, Malathi VG, Gupta M, Bhat AI. Coat protein gene mediated resistance to Potato virus Y in transgenic tobacco. Indian Phytopathol. 2002;55:187-94
  8. Bhat AI, Jain RK, Varma A, Lal SK. Nucleocapsid protein gene sequence studies suggest that soybean bud blight is caused by a strain of Groundnut bud necrosis virus. Curr Sci. 2002;81:1389-92
  9. Bhat AI, Jain RK, Anil Kumar M, Ramiah M, Varma A. Serological and coat protein sequence studies suggest that necrosis disease on sunflower in India is caused by a strain of Tobacco streak virus. Arch Virol. 2002;147:651-8

2001

  1. Bhat AI, Anil Kumar M, Jain RK, Rao SC, Ramiah M. Development of serological based assays for the diagnosis of sunflower necrosis disease. Ann Plant Prot Sci. 2001;9:292-6
  2. Ramiah M, Bhat AI, Jain RK, Pant RP, Ahlawat YS, Prabhakar K, Varma A. Partial characterization of an isometric virus causing sunflower necrosis disease. Indian Phytopathol. 2001;54:246-50
  3. Varma A, Bhat AI, Jain RK. Plant viruses: unique genetic resource. Phytomorphology. 2001;Golden Jubilee Issue:435-56
  4. Ramiah M, Bhat AI, Jain RK, Pant RP, Ahlawat YS, Prabhakar K, Varma A. Isolation of an isometric virus causing sunflower necrosis disease in India. Plant Dis. 2001;85:443
  5. Bhat AI, Jain RK, Varma A, Chandra N, Lal SK. Tospoviruses infecting grain legumes in Delhi: identification by serology and nucleic acid hybridization. Indian Phytopathol. 2001;54:112-6

2000

  1. Jain RK, Bhat AI, Byadagi AS, Nagaraju, Singh H, Halkeri AV, Anahosur KH, Varma A. Association of a tospovirus with sunflower necrosis disease. Curr Sci. 2000;79:1703-5
  2. Pappu SS, Bhat AI, Pappu HR, Deom CM, Culbreath AK. Phylogeny of tospoviruses based on intergenic region sequences of small and medium genomic RNAs. Arch Virol. 2000;145:1035-45

1999

  1. Bhat AI, Pappu SS, Pappu HR, Culbreath AK. Antigenic variation among peanut stripe potyvirus isolates. Peanut Sci. 1999;26:107-9
  2. Bhat AI, Varma A, Jain RK. Comparison of three serological assays for detection of potyviruses. Indian Phytopathol. 1999;52:362-5
  3. Bhat AI, Pappu SS, Pappu HR, Deom CM, Culbreath AK. Analysis of the intergenic region of Tomato spotted wilt virus medium RNA. Virus Res. 1999;61:161-70
  4. Bhat AI, Varma A, Pappu HR, Rajamannar M, Jain RK, Praveen S. Characterization of a potyvirus from eggplant as a strain of Potato virus Y by N-terminal serology and sequence relationships. Plant Pathol. 1999;48:648-54
  5. Roy G, Jain RK, Bhat AI, Varma A. Comparative host range and serological studies of Papaya ringspot virus isolates. Indian Phytopathol. 1999;52:14-7

1997

  1. Bhat AI, Varma A, Jain RK, Khurana SMP. Differentiation of Potato virus Y strains by N-terminal serology and HPLC peptide profiling. Indian Phytopathol. 1997;50:89-96

1996

  1. Bhat AI, Varma A, Jain RK. Differentiation of four potyviruses occurring in northern India by antibodies directed towards N- or N- and C-terminal peptide domains of coat proteins. Int J Trop Plant Dis. 1996;14:157-66

1993

  1. Jain RK, Kumar CA, Bhat AI, Varma A. Serological relationship of sweet potato feathery mottle virus with other potyviruses. Indian Phytopathol. 1993;46:162-4

1991

  1. Muniyappa V, Jalikop SH, Saikia AK, Chennarayappa, Shivshankar G, Bhat AI, Ramappa HK. Reaction of Lycopersicon cultivars and wild accessions to tomato leaf curl virus. Euphytica. 1991;56:37-41
  2. Bhat AI, Krishnappa K. Ecology of plant parasitic nematodes associated with groundnut in Karnataka. Indian Phytopathol. 1991;44:172-8

1990

  1. Bhat AI, Krishnappa K. Chemical control of Meloidogyne javanica infecting groundnut. Indian J Nematol. 1990;29:103-7

  1. Editor, Virus Disease

  2. Fellow of Phytopathological Society of India

  3. Fellow of Indian Society for Spices

  4. Fellow of Indian Virological Society

  5. NAIP-ICAR sponsored three months international training on Biosecurity

  6. Recognized as Research Guide by Mangalore University to guide PhD students

  7. Recognized as Research Guide by University of Calicut and Acharya Nagarjuna University

  8. NAAS–TATA Young Scientists' Research Fellowship, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi

  9. BOYSCAST Fellowship (Better Opportunities for Young Scientists in Chosen Areas of Science and Technology), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India

  10. IARI Merit Award for outstanding performance in Ph.D programme, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi

  11. State Award for outstanding performance in M.Sc (Agri.) programme, Department of Youth Services, Government of Karnataka

  12. Gold Medal for outstanding performance in M.Sc (Agri.) programme, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore

PI

  1. Development of off- and on-site detection techniques for major pathogens of spice crops (Institute funded).

Co PI

  1. Development of an integrated deep learning and molecular tool-based automated expert system for early detection and identification of major insect pests and vector-transmitted viruses of spice crops (DBT-funded)

Books authored/edited

  1. Biju CN, Bhat AI, Peeran MF, Praveena R, Sellaperumal C, Jeevalatha A, Sarathambal C, Eapen SJ. Compendium of spice diseases. New Delhi: Indian Phytopathological Society; 2022. 64 p. ISBN: 978-81-953723-6-2.

  2. Bhat AI, Rao GP. Characterization of plant viruses: methods and protocols. Springer Protocols Handbook. New York: Humana Press; 2020. 510 p. ISBN: 978-1-0716-0333-8 (hard copy); 978-1-0716-0334-5 (eBook).

  3. Singh HP, Anandaraj M, Bhat AI, editors. Advances in horticulture biotechnology: diagnostics for horticulture crops. Vol. VII. New Delhi: Westville Publishing House; 2013. 364 p. ISBN: 978-81-85873-96-1.

  4. Parthasarathy VA, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy U, editors. Spice crops: major spices. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers; 2008. 780 p. ISBN: 81-7019-446-6 (India); 1-55528-304-7 (USA).

Book Chapters

  1. Bhat AI. Virus and vector management in spices. In: Selvarajan R, Balasubramanian V, Mohanasundaram A, Nagendran K, Gaur RK, editors. Detection and field management of plant viruses and their vectors. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers; 2025. p. 261-77. ISBN: 9789348596765.

  2. Bhat AI, Jeevalatha A. Weeds and wild relatives as undetermined plant virus sources: detection and diagnosis. In: Golnaraghi A, Gaur RK, editors. New and emerging plant viruses: the threat to food security. Apple Academic Press; 2024. p. 27. Hard ISBN: 9781774916582; eBook ISBN: 9781003497486.

  3. Bhat AI, Divakaran M, Babu KN. Biotechnological approaches for improvement of spices. In: Ravindran PN, Sivaraman K, Devasahayam S, Nirmal Babu K, editors. Handbook of spices in India: 75 years of research and development. Vol I. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2024. p. 397-470. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-3728-6.

  4. Bhai RS, Bhat AI, Biju CN, Vijayan AK, Saju KA. Diseases of black pepper and cardamom. In: Ravindran PN, Sivaraman K, Devasahayam S, Nirmal Babu K, editors. Handbook of spices in India: 75 years of research and development. Vol IV. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2024. p. 3623-73. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-3728-6.

  5. Bhat AI. Viral diseases of spices and condiments. In: Awasthi LP, editor. Viral diseases of field and horticultural crops. UK: Academic Press; 2023. p. 303-13. ISBN: 978-0-323-90899-3.

  6. Gazel M, Hemmati C, Bhat AI, Rao GP. Update on phytoplasma diseases associated with medicinal plants and spices in Asian countries. In: Tiwari AK, Caglayan K, Hoat TX, Al Subhi A, Nejat N, Reddy G, editors. Phytoplasma diseases in Asian countries—Phytoplasma diseases of major crops, trees, and weeds. Vol II. Oxford: Academic Press; 2023. p. 233-63. ISBN: 978-0-323-91897-8.

  7. Biju CN, Bhat AI, Eapen SJ. Important diseases of some vegetatively propagated spices and their management. In: Pandey R, Misra AK, Singh HB, Kalra A, Singh D, editors. Diseases of medicinal and aromatic plants and their management. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers; 2019. p. 93-140.

  8. Bhat AI. Molecular diagnosis of plant pathogens. In: Thomas RJ, Josephrajkumar A, Shareefa M, Rajesh MK, editors. Training manual of ICAR-sponsored short course on breeding for resistance to pest and disease in plantation crops. Kasaragod: ICAR–Central Plantation Crops Research Institute; 2017. p. 68-74.

  9. Thomas L, Bhat AI, Cheriyan H, Babu KN. Value chain development and technology practices of spices crop in India (cardamom, ginger, turmeric, black pepper and cinnamon). In: Pandey PR, Pandey IR, editors. Challenges and opportunities in value chain of spices in South Asia. SAARC Agriculture Centre; 2017. p. 56-115.

  10. Bhat AI, Yogitha M. Application of immuno-diagnosis for plant viruses occurring in India. In: Mandal B, Rao GP, Baranwal VK, Jain RK, editors. A century of plant virology in India. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2017. p. [chapter]. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-5672-7_26.

  11. Biju CN, Bhai RS, Bhat AI. Important diseases of major spice crops. In: Gautham HR, Gupta SK, editors. Diseases of commercial crops in India. New Delhi: Neoti Book Agency Pvt Ltd; 2017. p. 207-35.

  12. Bhat AI. Spices. In: Chowdappa P, Karun A, Rajesh MK, Ramesh SV, editors. Biotechnology of plantation crops. New Delhi: Daya Publishing House; 2017. p. 555-79.

  13. Bhat AI, Venugopal MN, Biju CN. Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum). In: Singh HP, Anandaraj M, Bhat AI, editors. Advances in horticulture biotechnology—Diagnostics for horticulture crops. Vol VII. New Delhi: Westville Publishing House; 2013. p. 252-63.

  14. Singh HP, Anandaraj M, Bhat AI. Diagnostic methods. In: Singh HP, Anandaraj M, Bhat AI, editors. Advances in horticulture biotechnology—Diagnostics for horticulture crops. Vol VII. New Delhi: Westville Publishing House; 2013. p. 11-29.

  15. Anandaraj M, Bhat AI. Black pepper (Piper nigrum). In: Singh HP, Anandaraj M, Bhat AI, editors. Advances in horticulture biotechnology—Diagnostics for horticulture crops. Vol VII. New Delhi: Westville Publishing House; 2013. p. 240-51.

  16. Bhat AI. Characterization and management of Piper yellow mottle virus. In: Rao GP, Baranwal VK, Mandal B, Rishi N, editors. Recent trends in plant virology. Houston: Studium Press LLC; 2012. p. 427-38.

  17. Anandaraj M, Bhai RS, Bhat AI. Diseases. In: Singh HP, Parthasarathy VA, Srinivasan V, Saji KV, editors. Piperaceae crops—Production and utilization: Black pepper, betelvine and others. New Delhi: Westville Publishing House; 2012. p. 122-43.

  18. Nirmal Babu K, George JK, Bhat AI, Prasath D, Parthasarathy VA. Tropical spices. In: Singh HP, Parthasarathy VA, Nirmal Babu K, editors. Advances in horticulture biotechnology. Vol 5. Gene cloning and transgenics. New Delhi: Westville Publishing House; 2011. p. 529-42.

  19. Bhat AI, Venugopal MN. Viral diseases of spice and aromatic crops, and their management. In: Upadhyay RK, Ahlawat YS, Dubey OP, Baranwal VK, Srivastava KP, editors. IPM system in agriculture. Vol 10: Virus and virus-like diseases of plants. New Delhi: Aditya Books Pvt Ltd; 2010. p. 1-34.

  20. Bhat AI, Anandaraj M, Parthasarathy VA. Diagnostics for production of disease-free planting materials in vegetatively propagated spices. In: Souvenir of National Conference on Production of Quality Seeds and Planting Material—Health Management in Horticultural Crops; 2010 Mar 11-14; New Delhi. p. 171-8.

  21. Bhat AI. Transgenic approaches for the enhancement of nutrition and quality of plants. In: Shamina A, Krishnamurthy KS, Shiva KN, Leela NK, Chempakam B, editors. Flavors, nutraceuticals and food colors from horticultural crops. Calicut: Indian Institute of Spices Research; 2009. p. 128-39.

  22. Jain RK, Bhat AI, Varma A. Tobacco streak virus—an emerging virus in vegetables. In: Rao GP, Kumar PL, Holguín-Peña RJ, editors. Characterization, diagnosis and management of plant viruses. Vol 3. Houston: Studium Press LLC; 2008. p. 203-12.

  23. Bhat AI. Purification of plant viruses. In: Eapen SJ, Kumar A, Anandaraj M, editors. Plant pathogens and their biocontrol agents: Diagnostics and characterization. Calicut: Indian Institute of Spices Research; 2008. p. 68-71.

  24. Bhat AI. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In: Eapen SJ, Kumar A, Anandaraj M, editors. Plant pathogens and their biocontrol agents: Diagnostics and characterization. Calicut: Indian Institute of Spices Research; 2008. p. 72-7.

  25. Bhat AI. PCR-based detection of plant viruses. In: Eapen SJ, Kumar A, Anandaraj M, editors. Plant pathogens and their biocontrol agents: Diagnostics and characterization. Calicut: Indian Institute of Spices Research; 2008. p. 179-82.

  26. Bhat AI. Cloning of PCR product. In: Eapen SJ, Kumar A, Anandaraj M, editors. Plant pathogens and their biocontrol agents: Diagnostics and characterization. Calicut: Indian Institute of Spices Research; 2008. p. 78-83.

  27. Parthasarathy VA, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy U. Introduction. In: Parthasarathy VA, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy U, editors. Spice crops—Major spices. Vol 1. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers; 2008. p. 1-17.

  28. Parthasarathy VA, Bhat AI, Kandiannan K, Zachariah TJ. Black pepper. In: Parthasarathy VA, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy U, editors. Spice crops—Major spices. Vol 1. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers; 2008. p. 19-140.

  29. Venugopal MN, Prasath D, Ankegowda SJ, Bhat AI. Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton.). In: Parthasarathy VA, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy U, editors. Spice crops—Major spices. Vol 1. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers; 2008. p. 141-269.

  30. Sheeja TE, Bhat AI, Parthasarathy VP. IPR in biotechnological interventions. In: Kannaiyan S, Parthasarathy VP, Prasath D, editors. Intellectual property rights in horticulture. New Delhi: Associated Publishing Co.; 2008. p. 125-40.

  31. Bhat AI. Viral diseases of some important spice crops. In: Rao GP, Myrta A, Ling KS, editors. Characterization, diagnosis and management of plant viruses. Vol 2. Horticultural crops. Houston: Studium Press LLC; 2008. p. 223-48.

  32. Bhat AI. Molecular techniques for detection of plant pathogens. In: Nair RV, Thomas RJ, editors. Breeding for resistance to diseases and insect pests in plantation crops. Kasaragod: Central Plantation Crops Research Institute; 2007. p. 101-4.

  33. Bhat AI. Viral diseases of plantation crops. In: Nair RV, Thomas RJ, editors. Breeding for resistance to diseases and insect pests in plantation crops. Kasaragod: Central Plantation Crops Research Institute; 2007. p. 135-8.

  34. Bhat AI, Mathew PA, Nair RR, Madan MS. Vanilla. In: Parthasarathy VA, Rajeev P, editors. Major spices—Production and processing. Calicut: Indian Institute of Spices Research; 2006. p. 191-227.

  35. Jain RK, Bhat AI. Sunflower necrosis disease—an emerging problem and its control. In: Mathivanan N, Prabhavathy VR, Gomathinayagam S, editors. Innovative methods and techniques for integrated pest and disease management. Chennai: University of Madras; 2003. p. 130-2.

Name of Student University (Affiliation) Title of Thesis Completed / Ongoing Year of Completion
V. Bhadramurthy Mangalore University Identification, molecular characterisation and development of diagnostics for the viruses associated with vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) Completed 2009
P. S. Hareesh Acharya Nagarjuna University Molecular characterization and seed transmission of the Badnavirus infecting black pepper (Piper nigrum L) in India Completed 2009
S. T. Retheesh Mangalore University Development of transgenic vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) resistant to Cucumber mosaic virus Completed 2011
Mary Jiby Varghese Mangalore University Agrobacterium mediated transformation of black pepper using sequences from Cucumber mosaic virus and Piper yellow mottle virus Completed 2012
Siju Senan Mangalore University Development of microsatellite markers in Curcuma longa L. and its cross-species amplification Completed 2012
A. Siljo Mangalore University Characterization and development of diagnostics for viruses infecting small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Completed 2015
K. P. Deeshma Kannur University Studies on seed transmission and genome sequencing of Piper yellow mottle virus infecting black pepper Completed 2017
Shina Sasi Mangalore University Elimination of Piper yellow mottle virus through somatic embryogenesis in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Completed 2017
K. A. Revathy University of Calicut RNAi mediated resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Completed 2019
Megha Das University of Calicut Identification and characterization of viruses associated with major pathogens of spice crops Ongoing 2026
M. Greeshma University of Calicut Development of rapid detection assays for viruses infecting black pepper and cardamom Ongoing 2026